Shock-absorber for vehicles.



M. DERIHON sHocK ABsoRBER FOR VEHICLES.

APPLICATION FILED AUG- 8 1912.

Patented Miu/'16, 1916.

Lwsm.,

MARTIN DERIHON, OF LONCIN-LEZ-LIEGE, BELGIUM.

SHOCK-ABSORBER FOR VEHICLES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 16, 1916.

Application led August 8, 1912. Serial No` 714,073.

To all whom it may concern: Be it known that I, MARTIN Denn-10N, subjectof the King of Belgium, residing at Loncin-lez-Liege, Belgium, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Shock-Absorbers forVehicles, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention has for its obJect to provide an improved shockabsorber for motor-cars and other suspended vehicles, so as to allow thesuspension springs to be freely compressed or deflected, but retard thereturn movement which follows this coinpression or deflection of thespring. This reta-rding effect is, according to the present invention,of a constant value in both directions, whatever may be the amplitudes of vibration of the suspension springs.V This result is obtained by meansof a device which is arranged so as to have no effect on the resilientdeflection of the spring, that 1s to say, on the relative displacementswhich take place between the springand the vehicle frame in bothdirections away from the neutral position, but to restrain therapidityof the return movements toward the relative neutral position ofthe frame and spring With a constant resistance, that is to'say,Whatever may be the position of the piston of the device.

The accompanying drawings represent a shock absorber constructedaccording to this principle.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section on A-A (Fig. 2) through the improvedshock absorber. Fig. 2 is an exterior View. Fig. 3 1s a transversesection on B-B (Fig. l).

The appliance comprises a cylinder a divided at its middle by atransverse partition g. A double piston e--d moves in the c ylinder aand through the division g, being connected by arod fto the vehicleframe, by means of an intermediate ball-joint b. The cylinder a is fixedto the axle by means of a hinge-joint at its lower end. Each of thepistons e and Z is formed with an opening z', the said openings beingalternately closed by a double valve c guided in the division g. Anouter casing m is carried by the lower end cover, of the cylinder a, andcarries at its upper end a stuffing-box h, through which passes the rodf, and which iiicloses the Whole of the mechanism.

The compartments or chambers a: and y communicate with one another bymeans of a passage is, which may be regulated by means of a screw Z; theend compartments a of the cylinder a communicate with one another bymeans of an annular space formed between the casing m and the cylinder aand by the rod f which is partly hollow. The whole of the appliance isfilled with oil.

From the division g to a. point corresponding to the normal position ofthe pistons e and (l, the cylinder a is formed of a larger diameter thanit is beyond the said normal position; it is also formed of largerdiainetei than the two pistons.

If the piston e-d occupies the normal position shown in Fig. 1, and thespring is compressed, and its ends deflected downward, the piston e-zldescends to the position el, d1, the upper piston e, on leaving itsnormal position, entering a chamber of a larger diameter, so that theoil passes from the chamber to the chamber a above it; the lowercylinder (l, however, enters a chamber of an equal diameter but thevalve c, on account of the friction offered to its movement in thedivision g, opens the poit z' in the piston cl and allows a free passageof the oil from the lower chamber a. to the chamber y. Oil may also passfrom one chamber .e to the other through the tubular piston rod and thespace separating the cylinders a, m. It will be seen that the twochambers a aie in constant communication and that no coinpression of oiloccurs therein when the device is in use. The spring is therefore freelydeflected. In returning, the double piston e-d is raised in thecylinder; the upper piston meets with no resistance, as the oil canfreely pass from the upper chamber z to the chamber on the other hand,the opening z' of the piston l is `closed so that the oil is confined inthe chamber y, so that, owing to there being no free passage, the oil isforced through the adjustable opening le. The double piston e-cl is thusretarded until it reaches its normal position. The inverse effect isproduced when the piston continues to rise in the cylinder, that is tosay, when the suspension spring is relaxed or deflected in the oppositedirection, and the said piston takes the position c2, cl2. It will beseen that this movement takes place freely, as in the preceding case,while the return of the piston to its normal position will be retarded,the oil traversing the passage 7e in order to pass from the compartment:u to the compartment y.

Having fully described my invention. u hat I desire to claim and secureby Letters Patent is l 1. A shock absorber comprising, in combination acylinder containing oil, a partition in the cylinder having anadjustable passage, a double piston movable in the cylinder and in thepartition and having an opening in each part, and a double valve, guidedin the partition, and adapted to close the openings in the piston; thatpart of the cylinder comprised between the two parts of the piston whenthey occupy their normal position, being bored to a greater diameterthan the said piston.

2. In a shock absorber, the combination with a casing adapted to be lledwith oil and having its interior divided by a transverse partition intotwo communicating chambers, two pistons arranged .on opposite sides ofthe partition, a valve controlling an opening in each piston and adaptedto permit oil to pass freely therethrough in one direction only, saidvalves being 'alternately opened automatically, means 'providing apassage of constant dimensions connecting the chambers formed betweenthe pistons and site sides of the partition, valves each controlling anopening in one of the pistons and adapted to permit oil to pass freelythere- A through in one direction only, means providing a passage ofconstant dimensions connecting the chambers formed between the pistonsand the ends of the casing, and adjustable means for controllin of oilthrough the passage in t e partition.

In testimony whereof -I have hereunto set my hand in presence of twosubscribing witnesses. 4 MARTIN DERIHON.

Witnessesa A. P. CRUGER,

BOUTAY.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for jiveA cents each, byaddressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. 0.

the passagev

